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Ship Construction and Stability (SCON)

Course Topics

  • Ship Construction and Stability (SCON)- Class 4 MEO
  • SHIP STABILIT (Naval Architecture)
  • Hydrostatic Principles and Ship Terms
  • Principal Dimensions
  • Density and Relative Density
  • Wetted Surface Area
  • Hydrostatic Pressure
  • Load on an Immersed Plane
  • Prismatic and WPA Coefficients
  • Block Coefficient
  • Tonne per Centimetre (TPC)
  • Form Calculations
  • Coefficient of Forms for Calculations
  • Bonjean Curves
  • Body Plan
  • Application of Simpson's Rules to Areas
  • Application of Simpson's rule Moments of Areas
  • Calculation of area and the 2nd moment
  • Application of Simpson's rule--Volumes and Moments of Volumes
  • Application of the Five-Eight rule
  • Questions and Answers - Simpson's rules
  • Simpson's First Rule
  • Application of Simpson's First Rule
  • Simpson's Second Rule
  • Simpson's Third Rule
  • Fundamentals of Stability
  • Displacement
  • Law of Floatation
  • Fundamentals of Stability (2)
  • Draught and Buoyancy
  • Buoyancy and Reserve Buoyancy
  • Meaning of buoyancy
  • Reserve buoyancy
  • Loadline
  • Center of Pressure
  • Fresh water Allowance -Calculation of TPC, FWA and DWA in Various Densities
  • Effect of Density on Draft and Displacement
  • Effect of bilging ship compartment
  • Bilging of a side compartment
  • Actions to be taken in the event of partial loss of intact stability
  • Transverse and Statical Stability
  • Centre of Gravity
  • Metacentre
  • Shift of G by movement of Mass
  • Trapezoidal Rule
  • Shift of single weights
  • Shift of several weights
  • Stability at small angles of heel
  • Moments of Static Stability (at 'small' and 'large' angles of heel)
  • Inclining Experiment
  • Equilibrium
  • Angle of Loll
  • Curves of Stability
  • Transverse movement of Mass
  • Change of Metacentre and large angle of heels
  • Working knowledge and application of Stability
  • Hydrostatic Curves
  • Hydrostatic Tables
  • Hydrostatic Draft
  • Calculation of BM and KM; Km Curves
  • Questions and Answers - Transverse and Statical Stability
  • Trim
  • Definitions
  • Trim Problems Type A
  • Trim Problems Type B
  • Trim Problems Type C
  • Change of Trim
  • Trim by shifting of weights
  • Change of Draught
  • Questions and Answers - Trim
  • Trim and stress tables, diagrams and stress-calculating equipment
  • Effect of Liquid Cargo on Trim, Stability and Structural Integrity
  • Shear force, bending moment, Load Difference between buoyancy and weight
  • How Wave profile effects SF and BM
  • Wave and cargo induced Torsional stress
  • Maximum permissible Torsional moments
  • Calculation of Shear force and bending moment, at stated stations (simply supported uniform beam with added weights or box shaped vessels with a given distribution of keel and on even keel)
  • Drawing of shear force and bending moment curves
  • Stress Calculating Equipment
  • HSMS (Hull Stress Monitoring System)
  • Resistance and Propulsion
  • Power and Resistance
  • Frictional Resistance
  • Residual Resistance
  • The Law of Corresponding Speeds
  • Admiralty and Fuel coefficients
  • Relations DisplacementSpeed and Consumption
  • Elementary treatment of propeller and simple problems on Pitch, pitch ratio, apparent slip, wake velocity, Thrust and Power
  • Geometry and Types of Propellers
  • Important dimensions for propeller selection
  • Drag and Lift of Propeller
  • Theory of Propeller Action
  • Apparent Slip
  • Measurement of Pitch
  • Flow Conditions Around the Propeller
  • Calculations involving Propeller (Wake Factor, Effective Power, Delivered Power, Propulsive and Quasi Propulsive coefficient)
  • Questions and Answers- Resistance and Propulsion
  • SHIP CONSTRUCTION
  • Definitions and Shipbuilding Terms in General Use
  • Common Terms used in the Measurement of Steel Ships
  • Types and names of constructional parts
  • Definitions for common terms and camber, rise of floor, flare, sheer, rake
  • Load Lines, Deck Line, Freeboard, Plimsol Line
  • Ship Stresses Hogging, sagging, racking, panting, pounding, slamming, etc.
  • General Knowledge, Descriptions and Sketches of Structural Members in ordinary types of Steel Ships
  • Structural Strength Elements
  • Standard Steel Sections
  • Manufacture and Application of Standard Steel Structural Elements
  • Welding
  • Ship Types
  • General Cargo Ships
  • Breakbulk or Multipurpose Ships
  • Bulk Carriers
  • Oil Tankers
  • Chemical Carriers
  • Containers
  • Ro-Ro ships
  • Passenger Ships
  • Combination Carriers
  • LNG Ships
  • Independent Tanks
  • Membrane Tanks
  • Midships section of ships (Sketching and labelling)
  • General Cargo Ships (2)
  • Cellular Container Ship
  • Hatch Cover Less Cellular Container Vessel
  • Bulk Carrier
  • Double Hull Oil Tanker
  • Chemical Tanker
  • LPG Carrier
  • OBO Vessel
  • Ro-Ro Vessel
  • Structures of a Steel Ship
  • Bulkheads
  • Regulations regarding the minimum number of bulkheads and their location
  • Watertight Bulkhead
  • Watertight Bulkheads
  • Weather tight bulkheads
  • Oil tight Bulkhead
  • Corrugated Bulkhead
  • Constructions of watertight bulk heads and its attachments to sides and tank top
  • Purpose of wash bulkheads
  • Use of cross ties in tankers
  • Procedure for testing of bulkheads
  • Racking stresses and transverse bulkheads
  • Comparison between Cofferdam, flat plate and corrugated bulkheads
  • Watertight and weather-tight doors
  • Watertight Doors
  • Watertight door
  • WT doors, mechanisms, indicators and all associated valves must be inspected once in a week
  • All WT doors in main transverse bulkhead must be operated daily
  • Operation of WT Doors
  • Types and Maintenance of WT Doors
  • Drills for operating WT doors, side scuttles, valves and closing mechanism must be held weekly
  • Records of drills and inspections to be entered in log book with regard to defects
  • Categories of Watertight Doors
  • Rules regarding the number of openings on passenger ships and watertight doors
  • Difference between water tight and weather tight doors
  • Arrangement of Power operated sliding WT door
  • Hinged WT door and means of securing
  • Ramp door of Ro-Ro ships
  • Ship side doors
  • Hatches
  • Water Tightness of Hatches
  • Anchors and Cables
  • Ship Tanks and Double-bottoms
  • Fore Peak Tanks
  • Aft Peak Tanks
  • Deep tank filling and pumping arrangement
  • Location of deep tanks
  • Construction of deep tanks
  • Deep tank piping arrangement
  • Blanking arrangements for deep tanks
  • Outlet valves fitted on oil fuel deep tanks
  • Limitation of filling pressure by relief pipe for oil fuel deep tanks and other oil fuel tanks
  • Double Bottoms
  • Free Surface Effect
  • Compartmental Drainage and Pumping
  • Levelling of Damaged Compartments
  • Bow and Stern
  • Stern Frame
  • Forward Structure
  • Structural arrangement forward and aft to withstand panting and pounding
  • Fore end Arrangement
  • Aft end Arrangement
  • Conclusion
  • Construction Drawings
  • Bow construction
  • Deck Construction
  • Double bottom construction
  • Engine Room Construction
  • Stern construction
  • Layouts
  • Hull Fittings
  • Openings in Oil Tankers
  • Atmospheric Control
  • Vapor Control System Components
  • Chain Lockers and Attachment of Cables
  • Bilge Piping System
  • Ballast System
  • Sounding Tubes and Air Escapes
  • Sounding Pipe or Tube arrangements
  • Air Escape Arrangements
  • Mooring and Deck Fittings
  • Ship Stabilizing systems
  • Rudders, Propellers and Thrusters
  • Rudder and Propeller Features
  • CPP and other Propellers
  • PROPELLER PLAN
  • Bow-thrusters
  • Bow thruster-Instruction and Drawing
  • Stern Tube Arrangement
  • Arrangements for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods in Bulk
  • Requirements for Carriage of Dangerous Goods
  • Carriage of Dry bulk cargoes on Bulk Carriers
  • Limitation on Strength of Parts on a Ship
  • Bending Moments and Shear Forces
  • Common DamageDefects on a Bulk Carrier
  • Safety measures for bulk carriers - Chapter XII of SOLAS Convention
  • Carriage of petroleum products on tankers
  • Terminology for Tankers Carrying Oil
  • Types of Oil Tankers
  • Arrangements of Oil Tanker
  • Carriage of Liquid Chemicals on Tankers
  • Terminology for Tankers Carrying Chemicals
  • Types of Chemical Tankers
  • Arrangements of Chemical Tanker
  • Carriage of Liquefied Gas on Tankers
  • Types of liquefied Gas tankers
  • Ship Types (2)
  • Ship Survival Capability
  • Fully pressurised ships
  • Semi-pressurised ships
  • Ethylene Carriers
  • Fully Refrigerated ships
  • LNG Carriers
  • Cargo Containment Systems
  • Independent Tanks (2)
  • IMO Type A
  • IMO Type B
  • IMO Type C
  • Membrane Type
  • Membrane Tanks (2)
  • International Regulations
  • IGC code
  • Gas ship Certificate of Fitness
  • Other supportive arrangements for cargo carriage
  • Fire water supply
  • Fixed fire extinguishing system
  • Electrical Installations
  • Fire detection and Fire alarm system
  • Ventilation of cargo spaces
  • Separate bilge pumping system and drainage arrangements for cargo spaces
  • Personal protection system and Medical equipment
  • Portable Fire Extinguishers
  • Insulation of Machinery space boundaries separation of Cargo spaces
  • Special requirements
  • Self Unloading System for bulk cargo
  • Ventilation Arrangements for Pump rooms in Tanker and for Holds and Oil Fuel Tanks
  • Cargo Hold Ventilation
  • Cargo Space Ventilation
  • Tanker Venting Systems
  • Pump rooms in tankers
  • Cargo Pumproom piping
  • Oil fuel tanks
  • Fire integrity of ship structures
  • Types of bulkheads
  • Standard Fire Test
  • Seaworthiness and Damage Control
  • Vessel Stability and Damage Control
  • Damaged Control Situations
  • After Firefighting
  • Drainage of forward spaces
  • Flooding of ER
  • Operation of Bilge Injection Valve
  • Case Studies
  • SS Ogden Willamette
  • VLCC near-miss
  • Emma Maersk
  • Damage Control
  • Dewatering
  • Dewatering Pumps and Eductors
  • Damage Control Shoring
  • Damage Control Patches
  • Damage control-Hull Patches
  • Damage control-Piping Patches
  • Emergency Repairs
  • Water Tight Integrity
  • Issues of seawater ingress raised by Legal and Insurance companies
  • Vulnerability of the Upper Deck Areas
  • Sounding and Air Pipes
  • Cargo Hatch Covers
  • Watertight Integrity
  • Constructional Features of Equipment
  • Hatch Covers and Seals
  • Watertight Doors and other Openings
  • Maintenance of Watertight integrity
  • Standard Operating Procedure on-board Closure of openings
  • Learn from the Case studies
  • Hope Bay
  • VIKING 7
  • CHRISTOPHER
  • EDMUND FITZGERALD
  • DERBYSHIRE
  • HERALD OF FREE ENTERPRISE
  • PLANS

Ship Construction and Stability (SCON)- Class 4 MEO

Ship Construction and Stability (SCON)- Class 4 MEO

At the 17 main topic levels, you will see a button for taking a quiz. You must take the quiz only after you study the eBook contents for the topic, including watching all the videos.  The self-assessment quizzes are drawn from the entire topical area.  Please take this as often as you wish and try and make sure you have maxed them before you go for the end-of-course assessments.

 

Course General Learning Objectives

After going through the course student should be able to,

 

Ship Stability

  • Understand the Hydrostatic Principles and know the various stability related Ship Terms
  • Understand coefficient of forms and block coefficient and TPC and application of Simpsons rules
  • Understand the fundamental principles of  stability wrt ship displacement, floatation and free surface effect
  • Know the concept of draught and buoyancy, center of pressure, FWA, Loadline, and effects of bilging a compartment
  • Know the effects of shifting of center of gravity and the concepts of transverse stability including the angle of loll
  • Know the inclining experiments to calculate the moments of statical stability
  • Understand the hydrostatic curves and their application for stability assessments on board
  • Know the concept of trim and its effects on ship stability
  • Understand the use of Trim and stress tables, diagrams and stress-calculating equipment
  • Know the ship powering calculations and various Resistances and Propulsion losses

Ship Construction

  • Know the definitions of Shipbuilding Terms in General use
  • Describe with sketches the structural members in ordinary types of Steel Ships 
  • Know the constructional features of Tanks and double bottoms
  • Know the strengthening requirements and reasons for the ship's Bow and Stern
  • Describe the various Hull Fittings and openings on ship's deck
  • Know the arrangements and types of Rudders, Propellers and Thrusters
  • Know the Arrangements for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods in Bulk
  • Describe the Ventilation Arrangements for pump rooms in Tanker and for Holds and Oil Fuel Tanks
  • Know the various types of Welding used for shipbuilding and repairs
  • Describe the arrangements for fire integrity, types of bulkheads and fire tests for ships

Introduction

 

The course Ship Construction and Stability or, referred to as SCON  is developed based on the requirement of the STCW standards for an operational level marine engineer under the operational function of "Marine Engineering at the Operational level", which will cover the necessary knowledge base  for the following competencies as a marine engineer officer- Class IV: 

  • Competence 11: Maintain Seaworthiness of the Ship

The e-learning course is presented in the form of text, animations, diagrams, case studies, problem solving exercises and many references; students are quizzed on the reading topics toward providing them with a feedback of their understanding and to encourage them to progress further. The course is also aided by live presence of professional course instructors to deal with student enquiries via interesting Q&A sessions. 

 

Course Syllabus Reference: Training, Examination, and Assessment Programme (TEAP) Part – B For Merchant Shipping (Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping For Seafarers) Rules, 2014. 



 

Course Topics and Competencies:



 

 Ship Construction and Stability (SCON) – Class 4 MEOCompetence 11: Maintain Seaworthiness of the ship
 Ship Stability 
1Hydrostatic Principles and Ship Terms11.3
2Fundamentals of Stability11.1.1
3Draught and Buoyancy11.1.2
4Transverse and Statical Stability11.4 and 11.1.3
5Trim11.3
6Trim and stress tables, diagrams and stress-calculating equipment11.1.1
7Resistance and Propulsion11.1.4
 Ship Construction 
8Definition of Shipbuilding Terms in General use11.2.1
9General Knowledge, Descriptions and Sketches of Structural Members in Ordinary Types of Steel Ships11.2.1
10Tanks and Double bottoms11.2.1
11Bow and Stern11.2.1
12Fittings11.4
13Rudders, Propellers and Thrusters11.1.4
14Arrangements for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods in Bulk11.3
15Ventilation Arrangements for Pumprooms in Tanker and for Holds and Oil Fuel Tanks11.4
16Welding11.2.1
17Brief outline – Fire integrity of ships11.2.1
18Seaworthiness and Damage Control11.1.2 and 11.4

 

Competence No. 11: Maintain seaworthiness of the ship.(Table A-lll/ 1)

11.1 Ship stability

11.1.1  Working knowledge and application of stability, trim and stress tables, diagrams and stress­ calculating equipment
11.1.2  Understanding of the fundamentals of watertight integrity
11.1.3  Understanding of fundamental actions to be taken in the event of partial loss of intact buoyancy
11.1.4  Resistance propulsion & Powering of Ships.

11.2 Ship construction

11.2.1  General knowledge of the principal structural members of a ship and the proper names for the various parts

 

Competency as per Table A-lll/ 2:  Control trim, stability and stress

 

11.3   Understanding of fundamental principles of ship construction and the theories and factors affecting trim and stability and measures necessary to

preserve trim and stability

11.4    Knowledge of the effect on trim and stability of a ship in the event of damage to, and consequent flooding of, a compartment and countermeasures to be taken